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Orthus. See BESTIARY.
Ortilochus (see Orsilochus 1 and 2) [Hom.Od.3.489; Pau.4.30.2].
Ortygius 1 is remembered for having opposed his brothers who wished to sacrifice asses against Apollo's will. Yet, when instead the asses started to devour the whole family, Leto and Artemis turned Ortygius 1 into a bird. He was the son of Clinis and Harpe 1 [Lib.Met.20].
Ortygius 2. An ally of Turnus, the man who opposed Aeneas in Italy. He was killed by Caeneus 3 [Vir.Aen.9.573].
Ortyx. Father of Anticlus, who hid inside the WOODEN HORSE [Try.178].
Orus 1. The first king of the Troezenians, whose land was then called Oraea. He was succeeded by Althepus. Orus 1 had a daughter Leis who consorted with Poseidon [see Troezen] [Pau.2.30.5].
Orus 2. See ACHAEANS.
Orythaon. See TROJANS.
Osinius. King from Clusium in Italy. To his ship Hera led Turnus (who was pursuing the phantom of Aeneas that she had fashioned) in order to take him out of the battle [Vir.Aen.10.655].
Osiris 1. A god worshipped by the Egyptians, and on his death mourned by his wife Isis [see also Io]. One of the gods in the vision of Telethusa [Ov.Met.9.693; Pau.10.32.18; Stat.Theb.1.718].
Osiris 2. A soldier in the army of Turnus, the man who opposed Aeneas in Italy. He was killed by Thymbraeus 2 [Vir.Aen.12.458].
Ossa. Mother, by Poseidon, of Sithon 2 [Con.10].
Otaces. An ally of Perses 3 against Aeetes during the Colchian civil war [Val.6.121].
Otaxes. A warrior in the army of Perses 3 against Aeetes during the Colchian civil war [Val.6.529].
Othris. See NYMPHS.
Othryoneus. See TROJANS.
Othrys. Father of Panthous, counted among the TROJANS [Vir.Aen.2.319].
Otrere. See AMAZONS.
Otreus 1. A Phrygian warrior whose people had once fought with Priam 1 against the AMAZONS. He was father of Placia, wife of King Laomedon 1 of Troy [Apd.3.12.3; Hom.Il.3.186].
Otreus 2. One of the Mariandynians (people inhabiting an area of the southern coast of the Black Sea), son of Dascylus. He was killed by King Amycus 1 of the Bebrycians, a neighbouring people [Apd.2.5.9; Arg.2.776-80; Val.4.162].
Otrynteus. Father, by a Naiad (Naiad 4) of Iphition 1, counted among the TROJANS [Hom.Il.20.381ff.].
Otus 1. One of the giants called ALOADS [see ALOADS at GIANTS, and for their attack against heaven see Zeus].
Otus 2. See ACHAEANS.
Ox. The ox that led Cadmus to the place in which he settled, founding Thebes [see Ox and Cow 1 Delphian at BESTIARY].
Oxylus 1. Son of Ares and Protogenia 2, daughter of Calydon, after whom the city Calydon was named [Apd.1.7.7].
Oxylus 2 fled from Aetolia to Elis on account of the murder of Thermius or Alcidocus, where he became the guide of the HERACLIDES, and subsequently king of Elis. It is said that as he was throwing the quoit he missed the mark and committed unintentional homicide. The man killed by the quoit, according to one account, was Thermius, the brother of Oxylus 2; according to another it was Alcidocus. Oxylus 2 was son either of Andraemon 2 or of Haemon 2 (son of Thoas 2, one of the ACHAEAN LEADERS and son of Andraemon 1). By Pieria 2, he had a son Andraemon 4 [see HERACLIDES] [Apd.2.8.3; Lib.Met.32; Pau.5.3.6-7, 5.4.2-4; Strab.10.3.2].
Oxyntes. Father of Thymoetes 2, the last of the Athenian kings descended from Theseus [Pau.2.18.9].
Oxyporus. Son of King Cinyras 1 of Cyprus (also said to be father of Adonis) and Metharme [Apd.3.14.3].
Oxyrrhoe. One ACTAEON'S DOGS. See Actaeon.
Ozomene. Mother by Thaumas 1 (son of Pontus and Gaia), of the HARPIES: Aello 1, Ocypete, and Celaeno 4 [see also BESTIARY] [Hyg.Fab.14].
Pachylus. One ACTAEON'S DOGS. See Actaeon.
Paeeon is in Heaven, and knows the remedies for all things. He healed Hades, when he was shot by Heracles 1, and the wound that Ares had received during the fight against Athena and Diomedes 2 [Arg.4.1508ff; Hes.Fra.2; Hom.Il.5.395, 5.899].
Paeon 1. Father by Cleomede, of Agastrophus and Laophoon (both counted among the TROJANS) [Hom.Il.11.338; QS.6.650].
Paeon 2. After losing the kingdom of Elis in a race at Olympia against his brother Epeius 1, he went into exile to the region named Paeonia (in Macedonia) after him. Paeon 2 was son of Endymion (whom Selene loved), his mother being either Asterodia 2, or Chromia, or Hyperippe 2 [see Elis] [Pau.5.1.4].
Paeon 3. King of Messenia, whose sons were expelled by the HERACLIDES Temenus 2 and Cresphontes. Paeon 3 was son of Antilochus, son of Nestor [Pau.2.18.8].
Paeonaeus. See DACTYLS.
Pagasus 1 came from the Hyperboreans and together with Olen and Agyieus established the oracle of Apollo at Delphi [Pau.10.5.7-8].
Pagasus 2. One of Aeneas' soldiers in Italy killed by Camilla [Vir.Aen.11.670].
Palaechthon. See AUTOCHTHONOUS.
Palaemon 1 (Palaemonius). See ARGONAUTS.
Palaemon 2. Son of Heracles 1 and Autonoe 4, daughter of Pireus [Apd.2.7.8].
Palaemon 3 (see Melicertes). The name of Melicertes, son of Athamas 1, after being deified [Eur.IT.3; Hyg.Fab.2; Ov.Fast.6.501; Pau.1.44.8].
Palaemon 4. Son of Priam 1 [Hyg.Fab.90].
Palaemon 5. A warrior in the army of the SEVEN AGAINST THEBES who saw a chasm open in the earth and swallow Amphiaraus [see also Actor 10 and Mopsus 4] [Stat.Theb.8.135].
Palaemonius (see Palaemon 1) [Arg.1.202].
Palamaon. An Athenian, father of Daedalus [Pau.9.3.2].
Palamedes.
Palinurus. This is the steerman of Aeneas who fell asleep and was hurled into the sea; later Aeneas met him in the Underworld [see also Map of the Underworld]. The harbour of Palinurus in Italy was named after Palinurus, son of Iasus 4 [DH.1.53.2; Vir.Aen.3.201, 5.827ff., 5.843, 6.333, 6.342].
Pallas 1. See TITANS.
Pallas 2. A son of Lycaon 2. According to the Arcadians, Athena, as soon as she was born, was handed over to Pallas 2 by Zeus, and reared by him till she grew up. Pallas 2 is said to be the father of Nike [Apd.3.8.1; DH.1.33.1; Pau.8.3.1ff.].
Pallas 3. Athena played with Pallas 3 when they were small girls, but the goddess accidentally killed her playmate while playing. Being grieved for her death, Athena made a wooden image in her likeness, which was called the Palladium. Pallas 3 was daughter of Triton [see Divinities of Waters & Landscapes] [Apd.3.12.3].
Pallas 4. See GIANTS.
Pallas 5. Son of King Pandion 4 of Athens and Pylia. When Theseus was declared successor to the throne of Athens, the Pallantides or 50 sons of Pallas 5, would not accept it and, having gone to war, were defeated by Theseus. It was Leos (one of the HERALDS) who reported to Theseus about the plot of the Pallantides and the ambush they had prepared against Theseus; so the latter, falling suddenly upon the party lying in ambush, slew them all [Apd.3.15.5; Apd.Ep.1.11; Pau.1.28.10; Plu.The.13.1].
Pallas 6. Son of Evander 2 and Carmenta and ally of Aeneas in Italy. He was killed by Turnus, the man who opposed Aeneas in Italy [Ov.Fast.1.521; Vir.Aen.8.104, 8.511, 10.486ff.].
Pallas 7. Son of Heracles 1 and Lavinia 1, daughter of Evander 2. Pallas 7 died before he reached puberty, and the town of Pallantium on the river Tiber in Italy, where he died, was named after him [DH.1.32.1, 1.43.1].
Pallas 8. Father of Chryse 3, wife of Dardanus 1, son of Zeus and Electra 3, one of the PLEIADES [DH.1.61.2].
Pallas 9. Son of Megamedes and father of Selene [Hom.Herm.100].
Pallene. Daughter of Sithon 2, a man who used to challenge and kill his daughter's suitors. However, when Clitus 4 came, Sithon 2's vigour had begun to fail him. That is why he decided that two suitors (Dryas 6 and Clitus 4) would fight one another with the girl as the prize of victory. Pallene, being in love with Clitus 4, had one of the chariot-drivers bribed, so that the chariot of Dryas 6 would fail him; and when this happened Clitus 4 killed his contender and married Pallene. Otherwise it is said that she used to wrestle with her wooers, thus killing them, until she was defeated by Dionysus 2. Sithon 2, king of the Odomanti, is said to have had an incestuous love for his daughter [Nonn.48.113, 48.234; Parth.6.3-6].
Palmus. A soldier of Aeneas in Italy. He was killed by Mezentius, king of the Etruscans [Vir.Aen.10.697].
Palmys. See TROJANS.
Palthanor. A chieftain of the Zabioi, who armed themselves against Dionysus 2 in the Indian War. Yet he was of one mind with Dionysus 2 and after the war he settled in Thebes [Nonn.26.66].
Pammerope. Daughter of King Celeus 1 of Eleusis and Metanira [Apd.1.5.1-2; Pau.1.38.3].
Pammon 1. See TROJANS.
Pammon 2. See TROJANS.
Pamphagus. One ACTAEON'S DOGS. See Actaeon.
Pamphilus. One of the sons of Aegyptus 1. See DANAIDS.
Pamphylus. An ally of the HERACLIDES slain in battle. He was son of Aegimius 2 and was married to Orsobia, daughter of the Heraclid Deiphontes [Apd.2.8.3; Pau.2.28.6].
Pan.
Panacea 1. See PERSONIFICATIONS.
Panacea 2. Mother by Oresbius 2 of Proteus 4 (counted among the TROJANS) [QS.3.303].
Pancratis. Daughter of Aloeus 1 (son of Poseidon) and Iphimedia. For Pancratis sake, some say, her suitors Sicelus 1 and Hecetorus killed each other. Others say that Sicelus 1 and Agassamenus were the children of Hecetorus, and and that they killed each other for her. But if Sicelus 1 and Hecetorus did kill each other, then Pancratis married Agassamenus, king of the Thracians in the island of Strongyle [Dio.5.50.6; Parth.19].
Pandareus. A Cretan from Miletus said to have been involved in the crimes of Tantalus 1, by reason of which he was killed by the gods, or turned into an eagle, or transformed into a rock. Pandareus, son of Merops 4, was father of Camiro, Clytia 2, Aedon, and Chelidon [Hom.Od.19.518, 20.66; Lib.Met.11, 36; Pau.10.30.2].
Pandarus 1. See TROJAN LEADERS.
Pandarus 2. Son of Alcanor 1 and Iaera 2, and one of the companions of Aeneas in Italy. He was killed by Turnus, the man who opposed Aeneas in Italy [Vir.Aen.9.672, 9.734].
Pandia, described as exceedingly lovely among the gods, is the daughter of Zeus and Selene [Hom.Sel.32.15].
Pandion 1. One of the sons of Aegyptus 1. See DANAIDS.
Pandion 2. King of Athens after the death of Erichthonius 2, his father. Pandion 2's mother was Praxithea 2, a Naiad [see NYMPHS]. He married Zeuxippe 2, his aunt, and had children by her: Procne, Philomela 1, Erechtheus, and Butes 2 [see also Athens and Tereus 1]. Pandion 2 died before Old Age came to its full term [Apd.3.14.6-8; Hyg.Fab.48; Ov.Met.6.675].
Pandion 3, son of Cleopatra 5, was falsely accused by his stepmother Idaea 2 and blinded by his father Phineus 2 [for similar cases see Plexippus 2 and Phoenix 2, the former being his brother] [see Phineus 2] [Apd.3.15.3].
Pandion 4 reigned in Athens after his father Cecrops 2 but was expelled by the sons of Metion 1 and emigrated to Megara, where he was appointed king of the city. His mother was Metiadusa (daughter of Eupalamus) and his wife was Pylia; by her he had children: Aegeus 1, Pallas 5, Nisus 1, Lycus 7, and a daughter [see also Athens and Megara] [Apd.3.15.5; Pau.1.39.6; Strab.9.1.6].
Pandion 4's Daughter. Daughter of Pandion 4 and Pylia. She is said to be the wife of Sciron (one of the malefactors killed by Theseus), and mother by him of Alycus and Endeis (see also Sciron] [Apd.3.15.5; Pau.1.39.6].
Pandion 5. See ACHAEANS.
Pandion 6, from Phaestus in Crete, was father of Lamprus [Lib.Met.17].
Pandocus. See TROJANS.
Pandora 1.
Pandora 2. Daughter of Deucalion 1, the man who survived the Flood, and Pyrrha 1. Pandora 2 consorted with Zeus and bore him Latinus 3 and Graecus [Hes.CWE.2].
Pandorus. Son of King Erechtheus of Athens and Praxithea 4 [Apd.3.15.1].
Pandrosus. One of the three daughters of King Cecrops 1 of Athens and Aglaurus 1 (the others being Herse 2 and Aglaurus 2), to whom Athena entrusted the chest containing the babe Erichthonius 2. These sisters threw themselves from the Acropolis, or into the sea, for letting Athena's secret of Erichthonius 2 come out [see also Athens, Athena, and Envy] [Apd.3.14.2, 3.14.6; Hyg.Fab.166].
Panemus. Defender of Thebes against the SEVEN, spared by Hippomedon 1 [Stat.Theb.9.293].
Panopaea. See NEREIDS.
Panope 1. See NEREIDS.
Panope 2. One of the many daughters of Thespius and Megamede. She consorted with Heracles 1, giving birth to Threpsippas [Apd.2.4.10, 2.7.8].
Panopes. A Sicilian, attendant of Acestes, the host of Aeneas when the latter commemorated the death of his father [Vir.Aen.5.300].
Panopeus 1. See CALYDONIAN HUNTERS.
Panopeus 2. A Spartan in the army of the SEVEN AGAINST THEBES, killed in battle at Thebes [Stat.Theb.10.497].
Panopeus 3. Father of Aegle 4, for whose sake Theseus abandoned Ariadne [Plu.The.20.1].
PANS. See Pan.
Panthalis. A maid of Helen [Pau.10.25.4].
Panthius. One of the sons of Aegyptus 1. See DANAIDS.
Panthous. See TROJANS.
Paphos. After Paphos, daughter of Pygmalion 1 and the statue he fashioned, the city in Cyprus is called. According to some she is mother of King Cinyras 1 [Ov.Met.10.292].
Paraebius. One of the neighbours to whom Phineus 2 gave oracles [Arg.2.456].
Paralus 1. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Paralus 2. An Ionian colonist in Clazomenae, Asia Minor [Strab.14.1.3].
Paria. See NYMPHS.
Parias called the people Parians and the town Parion, on the Hellespont in Mysia, from his own name. He was son of Philomelus, son of Iasion and Demeter, and brother of Plutus [Hyg.Ast.2.4].
Paris (Alexander 1).
Parnassus, after whom Mount Parnassus was named, is the founder of the oldest city in Phocis. He was son of Cleodora 1 (one of the NYMPHS), his father being either Poseidon or Cleopompus [Pau.10.6.1].
Paroreus. Founder of Paroria in Arcadia. He was son of Tricolonus 1, son of Lycaon 2 [Pau.8.35.6].
Parrhasius. Twin brother of Lycastus 3. His mother Phylonome cast them into the river Erymanthus, but they survived when a wolf suckled them and a shepherd, Gyliphus, reared them. Parrhasius succeeded later to the throne of Arcadia. His father was Ares [Plu.PS.36].
Parthaon 1. Son of Periphetes 4, son of Nyctimus, son of Lycaon 2. Parthaon 1 was father of Aristas, father of Erymanthus 1, father of Arrhon 2, father of Psophis 1, the man who founded Psophis in Arcadia [but see also Psophis 2 and 3] [Pau.8.24.1].
Parthaon 2 (see Porthaon) [Hyg.Fab.175].
Parthenia. See BESTIARY.
Parthenius 1. See RIVER GODS.
Parthenius 2. A soldier of Aeneas in Italy killed by Rapo [Vir.Aen.10.748].
Parthenopaeus. See SEVEN AGAINST THEBES.
Parthenope 1. Daughter of King Stymphalus 1 of Arcadia. She consorted with Heracles 1 and had by him a son Everes 2 [Apd.2.7.8].
Parthenope 2. A Lelegian daughter of King Ancaeus 2 of Samos (counted among the ARGONAUTS) and Samia, daughter of Meander (one of the RIVER GODS). Parthenope 2 consorted with Apollo and had a son Lycomedes 3 by the god [Pau.7.4.1].
Parthenope 3. See SIRENS.
Parthenos, whom Apollo put among the stars because she died young, was daughter of Chrysothemis 2, either by Apollo or by Staphylus 1, son of Ariadne [see also CONSTELLATIONS] [Dio.5.62.3; Hyg.Ast.2.25].
Pasicles. Father of Philistus [Hdt.9.97].
Pasiphae is the queen of Crete who bewitched her husband Minos 2 so that whenever he took a lover he ejaculated wild beasts at her, thus causing their death [see Minos 2 and Procris 2]. She is also remembered for having fallen in love with a bull; it was Daedalus who assisted her in satisfying her passion. For he constructed a wooden cow on wheels, hollowed it out in the inside, sewed it up in the hide of a cow which he had skinned, and set it in the meadow in which the bull used to graze. Then Pasiphae introduced herself into the wooden cow, and so the bull, taking the wooden cow for a real one, came and coupled with her. After some time Pasiphae gave birth to Asterius 7, who became known as the Minotaur, since he had the head of a bull. Pasiphae was daughter of Helius, his mother being either Perseis (one of the OCEANIDS), or Crete 3. By King Minos 2 she had children: Deucalion 2 (counted among the ARGONAUTS), Catreus, Glaucus 4 (found among the SEERS), Androgeus, Acalle (whom both Apollo and Hermes loved), Xenodice 1, Ariadne, and Phaedra. Pasiphae was immortal, although Aeneas saw her in Hades [see Map of the Underworld] [Apd.3.1.2, 3.3.3-4, 3.15.1; Dio.4.60.4; Hyg.Fab.40; Lib.Met.41; Nonn.33.150; Vir.Aen.6.447].
Pasithea 1. See NEREIDS.
Pasithea 2. See CHARITES.
Pasitheus. See TROJANS.
Pasithoe. See OCEANIDS.
Patreus. Founder of Patrae, the city in Achaea. Patreus was son of Preugenes, son of Agenor 9, son of Areus, son of Ampyx 3, son of Pelias 2, son of Aeginetes 1, son of Dereites, son of Harpalus 1, son of Amyclas 1, the king of Lacedaemon and Sparta who was son of Lacedaemon, son of Zeus and Taygete (one of the PLEIADES) [Pau.3.2.1, 7.6.2].
Patro. One of the many daughters of Thespius and Megamede. She consorted with Heracles 1, giving birth to Archemachus 2 [Apd.2.4.10, 2.7.8].
Patroclus 1.
Patroclus 2. Patroclus 2 is son of Heracles 1 and Pyrippe, one of the many daughters of Thespius. King Thespius of Thespiae in Boeotia entertained Heracles 1 for fifty days and each night bedded one of his daughters with him. The children of Heracles 1 by the daughters of Thespius are called Thespiades. Two of them remained in Thebes and seven in Thespiae. All the other Thespiades joined Iolaus 1 in the founding of a colony in Sardinia [Apd.2.7.8].
Patron was an Arcadian who participated in the games held by Aeneas in Sicily, having come to Italy with Evander 2. The patricians in Rome were called after him, because "patricians" comes from "patronage", which was the word for the protection of inferiors. And Patron was a protector and defender of the poor and needy. He is also said to have guided Aeneas when he crossed the Ionian Gulf from Epirus to Italy [DH.1.51.2; Plu.Rom.13.2; Vir.Aen.5.298].
Pedaeus. See TROJANS.
Pedasus 1. See TROJANS.
Pedasus 2. See BESTIARY.
Pedasus 3, counted among the ETHIOPIAN CHIEFS, was in the court of Cepheus 1 at the time of the quarrel between Perseus 1 and Phineus 1. He killed Lampetides and was himself slain by Lycormas [Ov.Met.5.115].
Pediacrates. A Sicanian general in Sicily who opposed Heracles 1 and was killed by him [Dio.4.23.5].
Pedias. A Lacedaemonian son of Mynes 1. She married the autochthon Cranaus (who reigned in Athens) and bore him daughters: Cranae 1, Cranaechme, and Atthis [see also Athens] [Apd.3.14.5].
Pedile. See HYADES 1 and NYMPHS DODONIDES at NYMPHS.
Pegaea. See NYMPHS.
Pegasis. See NYMPHS.
Pegasus. The winged horse. See BESTIARY, CONSTELLATIONS, Medusa 1 and Bellerophon.
Peiraeus 1. A spearman and a friend of Telemachus who gave hospitality to Theoclymenus 1 (one of the SEERS). Peiraeus 1 was son of Clytius 8 [Hom.Od.15.540ff.].
Peiraeus 2. Father of Ptolemy 1, father of Eurymedon 4 (one of the ACHAEANS) [Hom.Il.4.228].
Peirasus 1 (see Piras 1) [Pau.2.16.1].
Peirasus 2. See TROJANS.
Peiros. See TROJANS.
Peirous. See TROJAN LEADERS.
Peisianassa. A Tyrian maid, attendant of Semele [Nonn.8.193].
Peisis. A Trojan captive [Pau.10.26.2].
Peitho 1. See PERSONIFICATIONS.
Peitho 2. See OCEANIDS.
Pelagon 1 (Pelasgus 3). Son of Asopus (one of the RIVER GODS) and Metope 1 [Apd.3.12.6; Dio.4.72.1].
Pelagon 2. See TROJANS.
Pelagon 3. See CALYDONIAN HUNTERS.
Pelagon 4. One of the several SUITORS OF HIPPODAMIA 3. Like most of the other suitors Pelagon 4 was killed by the bride's father Oenomaus 1, king of Pisa in Elis [see also Pelops 1] [Pau.6.21.11].
Pelarge is remembered for having established, together with her husband Isthmiades, the mysteries near Thebes, after the invasion of the EPIGONI. Pelarge's father was Potnieus [Pau.9.25.7].
Pelasgus 1. See AUTOCHTHONOUS.
Pelasgus 2. Son of Triopas 1, who was son either of Peranthus 2, or of Phorbas 1 (son of Argus 5, son of Zeus and Niobe 1, daughter of Phoroneus). Pelasgus 2 is father of Larisa 1 (whom Poseidon loved) and of Hippothous 5, one of the TROJAN LEADERS [Apd.Ep.3.34; Hyg.Fab.145; Pau.2.22.1, 2.24.1].
Pelasgus 3 (see Pelagon 1) [Dio.4.72.1].
Pelasgus 4. Of this Pelasgus it is said that the country Pelasgiotis or Pelasgia (the Peloponnesus) is called after him. He was son of Poseidon and Larisa 1, daughter of Pelasgus 2 [DH.1.17.3].
Pelates 1. See LAPITHS.
Pelates 2. A Cinyphian (counted among the ETHIOPIAN CHIEFS) who was in the court of Cepheus 1 at the moment of the fight between Phineus 1 and Perseus 1. He was killed by Abas 6 [Ov.Met.5.124].
Pelegon. Son of Axius (one of the RIVER GODS) and Periboea 7, daughter of Acessamenus. Pelegon is father of Asteropaeus (one of the TROJANS) [Apd.Ep.4.7; Hom.Il.21.140].
Peleus.
Pelias 1. This is the king of Iolcus (the city in Thessaly on the coast of the Gulf of Pagasae) who bade Jason to go to Colchis in quest of the Golden Fleece. For he, having consulted the oracle concerning the kingdom that he had snatched from his brother or half-brother Aeson (Jason's father), was warned by it to beware of the man with the single sandal. And when he later was about to offer a sacrifice to Poseidon, there came Jason to it after having lost a sandal in the stream of the river Anaurus in Thessaly, and appeared with only one. When Pelias 1 saw him, he remembered the oracle, and asked Jason what would he do if he were king and had received an oracle that he should be murdered by a certain citizen. Jason answered: "I would command him to bring the Golden Fleece." [Jason to Pelias 1. Apollodorus 1.9.16]. Some say that he answered thus inspired by Hera who, being angry against Pelias 1 because he, some time ago, had violated her sanctuary by killing his stepmother Sidero, who had taken refuge there, wished Medea to prove a curse to Pelias 1. And that came to be, because when Pelias 1 heard Jason's answer he bade him go in quest of the Golden Fleece, but Jason came back with Medea, and she was the end of this anxious king. For his daughters were persuaded by this Colchian witch to make mincemeat of their father and boil him, having promised them to make him young again with her drugs. Pelias 1 was brother or half-brother of Jason's father Aeson (whose death he caused), since Pelias 1 was son of Tyro, either by Poseidon or by Cretheus 1; but while Aeson was called son of Cretheus 1, Pelias 1 was called son of Poseidon, as was his twin brother Neleus. For Tyro, who is said to have been brought up by Cretheus 1, fell in love with the river god Enipeus (a river in Thessaly), and as she came often to the waters of the river to chant her love, Poseidon, taking the form of the river, lay with her. As this has been done in secret, on giving birth to twins, Neleus and Pelias 1, she abandoned them, and when they were exposed a horse keeper found them and saved them. Neleus and Pelias 1 were then reared by Sidero, their stepmother, who treated Tyro unkindly. So, when the twins were grown up and they discovered the truth about their mother, they attacked Sidero who took refuge in the precinct of Hera. However this was of not avail to the woman, because Pelias 1, without a shadow of respect for the shrine, killed her on the altars, incurring the hate of the goddess, thus setting up a firm base for his own destruction. For King Pelias 1, who succeeded Cretheus 1 in the throne of Iolcus, sent Jason to go in quest of the Golden Fleece, which originated the expedition of the ARGONAUTS that Jason led to Colchis in the Caucasus. And though not being in the original plan, Jason abducted the king's daughter Medea, and on her arrival to Iolcus she became the ruin of King Pelias 1. His mother Tyro was daughter of Salmoneus, son of Aeolus 1; and Cretheus 1 was son of Aeolus 1. Pelias 1's wife was either Anaxibia 2 (daughter of King Bias 1 of Argos) or Phylomache (daughter of Amphion 1). By one of them Pelias 1 had children: Acastus (one of the ARGONAUTS), Pisidice 2, Pelopia 1, Hippothoe 2, Alcestis, Asteropia, Antinoe 2, and Medusa 4 [see also ARGONAUTS, Jason, Medea and Neleus] [AO.834; Apd.1.9.8-10, 1.9.16, 1.9.27; Dio.4.52.1; Eur.Med.9; Hes.CWE.13; Hyg.Fab.12, 157; Pau.8.11.2-3].
Pelias 2. Son of Aeginetes 1 and father of Ampyx 3, father of Areus, father of Agenor 9, father of Preugenes, father of Patreus, founder of Patrae, the city in Achaea [Pau.7.18.5].
Pelias 3. See TROJANS.
Pelias 4. Father of Iphidamas 3 and Eurydamas 6 (both counted among the ACHAEANS) [Try.181].
Pellas. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Pellen. The Argive who founded Pellene in Achaea. He was son of Phorbas 2 and Hyrmina, daughter of King Epeius 1 of Elis [Pau.7.26.12].
Pelopia 1 gave her brother Acastus a mantle of double fold before he sailed to Colchis with the ARGONAUTS. She was daughter of King Pelias 1 of Iolcus, her mother being either Anaxibia 2 or Phylomache [Apd.1.9.10; Arg.1.326; Hyg.Fab.24].
Pelopia 2. See NIOBIDS.
Pelopia 3. Mother, by Ares, of Cycnus 3, whom Heracles 1 killed [Apd.2.7.7].
Pelopia 4. Daughter of Thyestes 1 and mother, by her own father, of Aegisthus. Thyestes 1 had visited the Oracle of Delphi, asking how he could have vengeance on his brother Atreus, and the Oracle answered that he must lie with his daughter Pelopia 4 and beget a son who would avenge him. Later, when Thyestes 1 came to Sicyon he found that they were sacrificing to Athena by night, and fearing to profane the rites, he hid in a grove. Pelopia 4, who happened to lead the dancing groups during the sacrifice, slipped and stained her clothes with the blood of the slain victim; and when she went to a neighbouring stream to wash off the blood, she was raped by her own father who suddenly came out of the grove. But while he stole her virginity she stole his sword; this is how the avenger Aegisthus was conceived and his weapon preserved. Soon after the Oracle was consulted by Atreus regarding the barrenness affecting Mycenae, and it prescribed that Thyestes 1 should be recalled to the city. Atreus then, following the Oracle's instructions, came to the court of King Thesprotus 2, hoping to find his brother there. Thyestes 1 was away, but Atreus, having met Pelopia 4 in the court and believing that she was Thesprotus 2's daughter, asked the king that she be given to him in marriage. The king granted Atreus' wish and the avenger Aegisthus, still in the womb, was brought to Mycenae by his future victim, who raised him as his own son. Years later Thyestes 1 was seized by the sons of Atreus and cast into prison. Atreus then bade Aegisthus, whom he believed to be his third son, to kill Thyestes 1 in his confinement. Aegisthus came to the prison to carry out Atreus' request, but he appeared in front of the prisoner wearing the sword that Thyestes 1 had lost when he ravished his own daughter Pelopia 4. And when Thyestes 1 asked him where he had got it, Aegisthus replied that his mother Pelopia 4 had given it to him. They then summoned Pelopia 4, who said that she had stolen it from the unknown man who had raped her by night, the same who was Aegisthus' father. This is how father and son learned who they were, but Pelopia 4, realising who the father of her son was, snatched the sword and plunged it in her breast [see also Atreus and Aegisthus] [Hyg.Fab.87, 88, 243].
Pelops 1.
Pelops 2. Son of Agamemnon and Cassandra that was killed by Aegisthus while still a baby [Pau.2.16.6].
Peloreus. See GIANTS.
Peloris. Mother, by Agasthenes, of Polyxenus 2, one of the ACHAEAN LEADERS [Hyg.Fab.97].
Pelorus. See SPARTI.
Pemphredo (see Pephredo) [Hes.The.273].
PENATES. See Other Deities.
Peneleus. See ARGONAUTS, SUITORS OF HELEN, ACHAEAN LEADERS, and WOODEN HORSE.
Penelope.
Peneus. See RIVER GODS.
Penthesilia. See AMAZONS and TROJAN LEADERS.
Pentheus 1.
Pentheus 2 was one of the Thebans who laid an ambush for Tydeus 2 when he returned from Thebes just before the war of the SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. Like others participating in this ambush, he was killed by Tydeus 2. Pentheus 2 was son of Astyoche 7, a Theban woman [Stat.Theb.3.170].
Penthilus 1 was a bastard son of Orestes 2, his mother being Erigone 1, daughter of Aegisthus and Clytaemnestra (Erigone 1 was Orestes 2's half sister). Penthilus 1 led the Aeolian colonisation in Asia Minor, which preceded the Ionian by four generations, advancing as far as Thrace sixty years after the Trojan War, about the time of the return of the HERACLIDES to the Peloponnesus. Penthilus 1 had sons, Echelas and Damasius [Pau.2.18.6, 3.2.1, 5.4.3; Strab.13.1.3-4].
Penthilus 2. King of Messenia and son of Periclymenus 1, son of Neleus. He had a son Borus 3, who was expelled from Messenia by the HERACLIDES [Pau.2.18.8].
Peparethus. Son of Dionysus 2 and Ariadne [Apd.Ep.1.9].
Pephredo (Pemphredo) is one of the GRAEAE who had but one eye and one tooth, and these they passed to each other in turn. They were sisters of the GORGONS (among which Medusa 1) and daughters of Phorcus and Ceto 1 [see also Perseus 1] [Apd.2.4.2; Hes.The.273].
Peraethus. Son of Lycaon 2. The city Peraethenses in Arcadia was named after him [Pau.8.3.4].
Peranthus 1 (see Piras 1) [Hyg.Fab.124].
Peranthus 2. Father of Triopas 1, king of Argos [Hyg.Fab.124].
Peratus. King of Sicyon and father of Plemnaeus. Peratus was son of Poseidon and Calchinia, daughter of Leucippus 5, son of Thurimachus, son of Aegyrus, son of Thelxion, son of Apis 2, son of Phoroneus [Pau.2.5.7-8].
Perdix. An Athenian, son of Eupalamus and inventor of the saw. It is said that Daedalus, envying his skill, threw him down from a roof or from a citadel, but Athena turned him into a partridge [see also Calos and Talos 2]. Perdix was father of Talos 2 [Apd.3.15.8; Hyg.Fab.39; Ov.Met.8.236ff.].
Pereus. Son of Elatus 2 (son of Arcas 1, son of Zeus and Callisto) and Laodice 1. He was father of Neaera 3 [Apd.3.9.1; Pau.8.4.4ff.].
Pergamus. Son of Neoptolemus and Andromache who crossed into Asia and killed Arius 2, despot of Teuthrania, fighting with him in single combat for his kingdom. He gave his name to the city which is still called after him [Pau.1.11.1-2].
Pergasus. Father of Deicoon 2, one of the TROJANS [Hom.Il.5.534].
Periallus. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Periander (Pyranthus) Son of Cypselus 2 (son of Eetion 4) and king of Corinth. Under his reign Arion 2 of Methymna landed on Taenarus, borne to that place by a dolphin. Periander's wife was Melissa, daughter of Procles 3, tyrant of Epidaurus [see Arion 2] [Hdt.1.23; Hyg.Fab.194; Pau.2.28.8].
Periboea 1 was the youngest of Eurymedon 2 's daughters. She consorted with Poseidon and had a son by the god: Nausithous 1, king of the Phaeacians [Hom.Od.7.56ff.].
Periboea 2 (Eriboea 1) is said to have been sent, by her father Alcathous 3 (son of Pelops 1), with Theseus to Crete in payment of the tribute to Minos 2. Her mother was either Pyrgo 1 or Evaechme 1, daughter of Megareus 2, the eponym of Megara. Although Periboea 2 is said to have consorted with Theseus, she is best remembered for having married Telamon to whom he bore Ajax 1 [Apd.3.12.7; Dio.4.72.7; Pau.1.42.2, 1.43.4; Plu.The.29.1].
Periboea 3. See NYMPHS.
Periboea 4. This is the queen of Corinth who adopted Oedipus [but see also Merope 7]. Her husband was Polybus 4 [Apd.3.5.7; Hyg.Fab.66].
Periboea 5 is said to have been either seduced by Hippostratus (son of Amarynceus 1, king of Elis) and sent by her father Hipponous 1 from Olenus in Achaea to King Oeneus 2 of Calydon with an injunction to put her to death, or else sent back to Oeneus 2 who had made her pregnant. She is called mother (by Oeneus 2) of Tydeus 2, one of the SEVEN AGAINST THEBES [Apd.1.8.4; Dio.4.35.1].
Periboea 6. Three years after the Locrians had regained their country, Locris was visited by a plague. They then received an oracle ordering them to propitiate Athena at Troy and to send two maidens as suppliants for a thousand years. The lot first fell on Periboea 6 and Cleopatra 6, and after their deaths others were sent [Apd.Ep.6.20-21].
Periboea 7. The eldest of Acessamenus's daughters. She consorted with Axius (one of the RIVER GODS), and had a son Pelegon [Hom.Il.21.140ff.].
Periboea 8. See OCEANIDS.
Periboea 9. Mother, by Meges 3, of Celtus 3 and Eubius (both counted among the TROJANS) [QS.7.606ff.].
Periclymene (see Clymene 3) [Hyg.Fab.14].
Periclymenus 1. See ARGONAUTS.
Periclymenus 2. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Periclymenus 3. Defender of Thebes against the SEVEN. Periclymenus 3 was son of Poseidon and Astypalea [Apd.3.6.8; Hyg.Fab.157].
Peridia. A Theban, mother of Onites 2, a soldier in the army of Turnus, the man who opposed Aeneas in Italy [Vir.Aen.12.514].
Perieres 1. Son either of Aeolus 1 and Enarete, or of Cynortes (king of lacedaemon and Sparta). Perieres 1, who became king of Messenia, married Gorgophone 2 (daughter of Perseus 1 and Andromeda) and begot Tyndareus (father of Helen), Icarius 1 (father of Penelope), Aphareus 1 and Leucippus 2 (kings of Messenia), Borus 1 (husband of Peleus' daughter Polydora 1), Polydora 2 (said to have consorted with Peleus), Pisus (founder of Pisa in Elis), and Oebalus 1 (king of Sparta) [Apd.1.7.3, 1.9.5, 3.10.3-4, 3.13.1-4; Hes.CWE.4; Pau.5.17.9].
Perieres 2. Charioteer of Menoeceus 1 (father of Creon 2) who wounded Clymenus 2, father of Erginus 1; because of this a heavy tribute was imposed on the Thebans by the Minyans [Apd.2.4.11].
Perigune. Daughter of Sinis who fled when her father was killed by Theseus but was overtaken and ravished by him. By Theseus she had a son Melanippus 7; later Theseus gave her as wife to Deioneus 4, son of Eurytus 4, the prince of Oechalia [Pau.10.25.7; Plu.The.8.2].
Perilaus 1. A Lelegian son of King Ancaeus 2 of Samos (counted among the ARGONAUTS) and Samia, daughter of Meander (one of the RIVER GODS) [Pau.7.4.1].
Perilaus 2 (see Perileos) [Pau.8.34.4].
Perilaus 3. See TROJANS.
Perileos (Perilaus 2) was the accuser of Orestes 2 in the trial for the murder of Clytaemnestra. He was son of Icarius 1 (his mother being either Periboea 3 or Polycaste 1) and therefore Clytaemnestra's cousin [Apd.3.10.6; Pau.8.34.4; Strab.10.2.24].
Perimede 1 (Perimele 1), beloved of Achelous (one of the RIVER GODS) was hurled down from a high cliff by her father Hippodamas 3. But Achelous caught her and kept her floating while praying to Poseidon, who turned her into an island. Others say that she was daughter of Aeolus 1 and Enarete, and had sons by Achelous: Hippodamas 1, and Orestes 1 [Apd.1.7.3; Ov.Met.8.591].
Perimede 2. Daughter of Alcaeus 1 (son of Perseus 1 and Andromeda) and either Astydamia 1 (daughter of Pelops 1), or Laonome, or Hipponome (sister of Creon 2). Perimede 2, who is sister of Amphitryon, married Licymnius (the bastard son of King Electryon 1 of Mycenae), having sons by him: Argius 2 and Melas 3 [Apd.2.4.5-6, 2.7.7].
Perimede 3. Daughter of Oeneus 4, and mother by Phoenix 1 of Astypalea and Europa [Pau.7.4.1].
Perimedes 1. Son of Eurystheus and Antimache. He was killed by the Athenians in war [Apd.2.8.1, 3.9.2].
Perimedes 2. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Perimedes 3. Father of Schedius 3, one of the ACHAEANS [Hom.Il.15.515].
Perimedes 4. One of Odysseus' comrades during his return from Troy [Hom.Od.11.23; Pau.10.29.1].
Perimedes 5. See CENTAURS.
Perimedes 6. See TROJANS.
Perimele 1 (see Perimede 1) [Ov.Met.8.591].
Perimele 2. Daughter of King Admetus 1 of Pherae (in Thessaly) and Alcestis. Perimele 2 married Argus 3 (one of the ARGONAUTS) and became mother of Magnes 3 [Lib.Met.23].
Perimele 3. Daughter of Amythaon 1 (son of Cretheus 1, son of Aeolus 1) and Aglaia 5. Perimele 3 is mother of Ixion (father of Pirithous) by Antion, son of Periphas 2 (one of the LAPITHS) [Dio.4.69.3].
Perimnestor. A Trojan, father of Eurycoon (counted among the TROJANS) [QS.13.210].
Perimus. See TROJANS.
Periopis. Mother by Menoetius 2 of Patroclus 1. Periopis was daughter of Pheres 1, son of Cretheus 1, son of Aeolus 1 [Apd.3.13.8].
Periphas 1. One of the sons of Aegyptus 1. See DANAIDS.
Periphas 2. See LAPITHS.
Periphas 3. See ACHAEANS.
Periphas 4. See HERALDS.
Periphas 5. A Calydonian killed in battle against the Curetes. He was son of King Oeneus 2 of Calydon and Althaea [see also Meleager] [Hes.CWE.98; Lib.Met.2].
Periphas 6. See AUTOCHTHONOUS.
Periphas 7. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Periphas 8. Along with his father and brothers Periphas 8 joined Deriades against Dionysus 2 in the Indian War. He was son of Aretus 4 and Laobie [Nonn.26.250ff.].
Periphas 9 was one of the Thebans who laid an ambush for Tydeus 2 when he returned from Thebes just before the war of the SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. Like others participating in this ambush he was killed by Tydeus 2 [Stat.Theb.2.631].
Periphas 10. A warrior in the army of the SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. He was killed by Menoeceus 2, son of Creon 2 [Stat.Theb.7.641].
Periphetes 1. See ACHAEANS.
Periphetes 2. One of the evildoers killed by Theseus. He used to carry a club with which he dispatched the passers-by. Periphetes 2 was son of Hephaestus and Anticlia 2 [Apd.3.16.1; Plu.The.8.1].
Periphetes 3. See TROJANS.
Periphetes 4. Son of Nyctimus (son of Lycaon 2) and father of Parthaon 1, father of Aristas, father of Erymanthus 1, father of Arrhon 2, father of Psophis 1, the man who founded Psophis in Arcadia [Pau.8.24.1].
Periphetes 5. King of the Mygdonians. He was killed by Sithon 2 while fighting for the hand of the latter's daughter Pallene. [Con.10].
Periphron. See SUITORS OF PENELOPE.
Peristhenes. One of the sons of Aegyptus 1. See DANAIDS.
Perius. One of the sons of Aegyptus 1. See DANAIDS.
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